Endocrine Abstracts

The stromal compartment changes with cancer, with an emergence in activated fibroblasts. These stromal changes, which occur with cancer initiation and throughout progression, are known to influence the hallmarks of cancer and are becoming increasingly studied for prognostic and therapeutic purposes. Androgen receptor (AR) signalling in stromal cells is important in prostate cancer and these cancer stromal communications, yet the mechanisms underpinning stromal AR contribution ...

In human prostate, Oestrogen receptor α (ERα) expression in the epithelium increases with tumour Grade and promotes proliferation involving classical genomic and rapid non-genomic signalling, as well as transcription regulation of non-coding RNA. Similarly, in the tumour stroma there is up-regulation of ERα, corresponding with declining AR, resulting in a higher ratio of ERα:AR with increasing Grade. Additionally, in prostate cancer-associated fibroblasts (...